The Contrast and Comparison Between the Ancient Greeks and Romans Essay Sample free essay sample

The ancient Greeks and Roman civilisations both began their histories with the outgrowth of metropolis provinces. Both of these civilisations made parts to the Middle East. The Greeks had made a wild spread of finds on several Fieldss. This included uranology by Ptolemy. geometry by Euclid. and the doctrine of the Roman Emperor Marcus Aurelius of his Stoic doctrine. Because the Greeks were widely known as a originative and esteemed race. the Romans were influenced by the Iliad ( Homer’s legendary verse form ) that their spiritual beliefs were similar. Roman. on the other manus. act upon how other imperiums would be shaped in Middle East for centuries. Indeed. the Roman Empire formed a centralised province with a set of jurisprudence. and a powerful leader on the top that was supported by military ground forcess. Roman besides contributes to the developments of jurisprudence ; for illustration. The Law of the Twelve Tables which created during the battle of the orders ( 494~287 BC ) . Although both of them were Mediterranean counties. their geographic locations were someway different from each other. On one manus. the Greeks’ metropolis provinces separate by hilly state sides. so their boundary lines were someway protected. On the other manus for the Romans. their locations were largely inland and were surrounded by mountains. north Alps and east by Apennine. For some ground. most of civilisations located near H2O. Greeks and Romans shared this common feature. The Alexander’s imperium expanded Greeks’ district and has contact with the Mediterranean Sea. Black Sea. Caspian Sea. and Arabian Sea. Because of the inland location of Rome. the H2O systems they based on were rivers every bit good as seas. chiefly the Tiber River and the Tyrrhenian Sea. Therefore. Rome was exposed to migrations and invasions. Ancient Greece had no cardinal authorization at the clip of the single self-governed metropolis provinces. As a consequence. wars and conflicts sometimes were fought among the metropolis provinces. For illustration. the Peloponnesian War ( 431BC~ 404BC ) is a war between Sparta and Athens along with their Alliess. It was fought by ground forces Hoplites ( Sparta ) and navy ( Athens ) which caused by the fright of Athenian’s imperial aspiration. Rome. by contrast. became the cardinal authorization of the Roman Empire. During 500 BC. Rome expanded its district slow and steadily and take to the Punic war with Carthage from 264BC to 146BC. By the clip of Caesar’s decease ( 44BC ) . Rome conquered districts throughout the Mediterranean Sea from the West seashore to the east seashore. Significantly. Greek had a period clip similar to Caesar’s conquest. It was the terminal of the fourth Century BC. under the leading of Alexander the Great Greek had conquered districts i nclude Persia. India. Egypt and made the Greet civilisation the common civilization of the Mediterranean and the Near Eastern World. The societal construction in Rome was viewed as hierarchal with slaves at the underside and freedwomans above them. Freedmans were divided by category among the patricians which was the one per centum of the population who control the authorities and held most of the wealth. And the plebian were a lower category of those patricians which conducted the remainder of the population and they were chiefly hapless. On the contrary. free. land-owning and native-born work forces could be the citizen of the metropolis province. Apparently. it was different from the Rome that societal prominence in Greek did non let any particular rights. In Rome. the Italians gained their rights during the civil war. After the civil war the hapless had representatives. the Tribunes in 367BC. in the authorities which spoke for their equalities. Both Roman and Greek economic systems based on agribusiness during the early ages of developments. Because of increasing population. the Grecian metropolis provinces were stretching frontward to seek for new land to settle. Obviously. there were more contacts to other civilizations because of colonisation which lead to incessant warfare in the fourth century. The society suffered every bit good. In fact. metropolis provinces exhausted their resources throughout the wars. As a consequence. people fall to slaves. unemployment and poorness arose with the growing of population. Nonetheless. rising prices took topographic point and so the criterion of life of the Greeks declined. Compare to the Late Republic of Rome ( around 200~31BC ) . the conquering of Greece and Asia Minor created huge new wealth which poured into Rome. It made the issue of inequalities among the society more terrible. Thus. little husbandmans left the land. Because the lands were largely held by blue bloods that little husbandmans couldn’t compete with the latifundia that worked by packs of slaves. However. Roman remained basically agricultural and noncommercialized until the mid-third century BC. Later on in the century. the conquerings of the east brought Roman the sophisticated commercial economic system system of the Hellenistic universe. The equestrians. a merchandise of the economic transmutation. provided the Romans immense net incomes while merchandising as a foreign luxury good. They started to construct roads that played an indispensable function for trading. The conquering of land by Alexander and Trajan non merely produced immense Numberss of slaves but besides stimulated the economic systems. One of the grounds was that the stretch of the districts provided more paths and handinesss. For the Greeks. it resulted circulation caches of gold and Ag. jewellery that acquired through loot. Industries in Greek besides benefited every bit good because fabrication was encouraged by bossy swayers as a agency of increasing their grosss and net incomes through trades that there were more opened markets. For the political relations for these two civilisations. they have similarities. Both of them relied to a great extent on military. As Alexander conquerings. he established metropoliss at cardinal location. Alexandria. which drew thousand of migrators into the cities’ elites. Although Alexander tried to accommodate Persian’s political construction to stabilise and consolidate his conquered districts. his ground forces resisted. As a consequence. Alexander’s generals created a figure of lands. run by Greek disposals which male monarchs were worship as Gods and was extremely relied on military. For Rome. the government’s existent power were held by the senate with two advocates. but the wealth of the imperium intensified the inequalities of wealth and power which led to the civil war that started at 133BC and lasted about a hundred old ages. The causes of the civil war were the devastation of farm lands. landless veterans and chiefly the passage jobs that pe ople were to a great extent taxed. The war was fought between the Optimates and the Populares. The Populares were the people who wanted equalities ; they wanted reform and addition aid from the provinces. The other side. Optimates were the people who were traditional who refused alteration and were reasonably affluent. Augustus ( Octavian- 63BC~16AD ) ended the civil war by winning the Actium conflict in 31 BC that he brought peace to Roman. Much of Roman faith was to a great extent influenced by Greek and Etruscan. The Gods worship by Greeks was the same as the 1s worship by Rome. merely by different names. Both of these civilisations worship multiple Gods. They believed that the Gods someway controlled their lives. If something unflavored for the Gods happened. they believe that they will be punished in some ways or their enemies would hold a better state of affairs than them. Roman and Greek both intend to maintain their Gods happy. As a consequence. their reinforced temples. statues and great memorials for Gods every bit good as doing regular forfeits. Even when Christianity emerged during the first century among the Jews. Romans started to go Christians every bit good. For the historical forms of these two civilisations. the Romans are more admirable than the Greeks. Obviously. the Grecian emerged from single metropolis provinces. and this permitted the edifice of an imperium because there were different faiths and civilizations. As we have seem from the Greek’s history. Athenians were on their manner widening districts. but they failed because of their aspiration in the Peloponnesian Wars. Furthermore. the metropolis provinces were excessively competitory that none of them accepted one another. However. the Romans brought other communities under their control such as the Italian peninsula. They conquered in the first topographic point but so extended its citizenship to those of the conquered people. The Roman Empire lasted longer than the Greeks chiefly because their organized political accomplishments which maintained their control over those conquered people. Several parts had impacts on Western Europe. For illustration the official linguistic communication was Greek in the Hellenic Republic. As an Indo-germanic linguistic communication. it lasted from the Linear B from Mycenaean Greek and had a great influence throughout the household of Western European linguistic communications. What is more. the Roman roads which formed a footing for transit every bit good as communicating web in Western Europe. The Roman civilization did non act upon other states. but in a manner they have assorted several faiths and it was the cardinal civilization base in Western Europe. Most significantly. the Roman alphabet ( Latin Alphabet ) became a common authorship system were loosely used in Western Europe every bit good as the remainder of the universe in modern yearss.